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    Characterization of bio-oil from palm kernel shell pyrolysis

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    Characterization of bio-oil from palm kernel shell pyrolysis.pdf (29.65Kb)
    Characterization of bio-oil from palm kernel shell.pdf (143.5Kb)
    Date
    2014-12-01
    Author
    Nasrul, Hamidin
    Umi Fazara, Md. Ali
    Che Zulzikrami Azner, Abidin
    Razi, Ahmad
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    Abstract
    Pyrolysis of palm kernel shell in a fixed-bed reactor was studied in this paper. The objectives were to investigate the effect of pyrolysis temperature and particle size on the products yield and to characterize the bio-oil product. In order to get the optimum pyrolysis parameters on bio-oil yield, temperatures of 350, 400, 450, 500 and 550 °C and particle sizes of 212-300 μm, 300-600 μm, 600μm-1.18 mm and 1.18-2.36 mm under a heating rate of 50 °C min-1 were investigated. The maximum bio-oil yield was 38.40% at 450 °C with a heating rate of 50 °C min-1 and a nitrogen sweep gas flow rate of 50 ml min-1. The bio-oil products were analysed by Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GCMS). The FTIR analysis showed that the bio-oil was dominated by oxygenated species. The phenol, phenol, 2-methoxy- and furfural that were identified by GCMS analysis are highly suitable for extraction from the bio-oil as value-added chemicals. The highly oxygenated oils need to be upgraded in order to be used in other applications such as transportation fuels.
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    http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/41171
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    • Umi Fazara Md. Ali, Assoc. Prof. Ir. Dr. [7]
    • Che Zulzikrami Azner Abidin, Assoc. Prof. Ts. Dr. [11]
    • Nasrul Hamidin, Assoc. Prof. Ts. Dr. [9]

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