Removal of toxicology of Benzo[a]pyrene in biosand filter

Abstract

Rapid advances of technology in world also would contribute impact on the health of humans, animals and the environment. Contamination can enter the body by inhalation, ingestion and absorption. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a hydrocarbon that is the most dangerous of the 15 other types of hydrocarbons due to its high carcinogen that can lead to cancer. As an alternative to avoid its impact on health, biosand filter (BSF) has been studied for removing hydrocarbons through degradation by microorganisms if benzo[a]pyrene present in the wastewater. Experiments were conducted to study the dimensions and area of the most effective filter for removing hydrocarbons in addition to treating water from the physical and biological aspects. Area for both reactors are 0.137 and 0.108 . Wastewater collected from drain stemming from a car service shop because of the presence of hydrocarbons in the fuel oil. For 30 days the filtering process is carried out and then the treated wastewater to undergo a physical examination to ensure that the removal efficiency of those parameters well treated and follows the requirements. Treated water will be extracted into the solid phase extraction (SPE) by using dichloromethane (DCM) solvent and subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to test the presence of benzo[a]pyrene in the wastewater. The study found that an area of 0.108 more effective with the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD): 66.10% and ammonical nitrogen (NH4+-N): 47.66%. While for the removal efficiency for an area 0.137 , chemical oxygen demand (COD): 60.17% and ammonical nitrogen (NH4+-N): 21.02%. Biosand water filter is a simple alternative that available on the market, easy to install, inexpensive and suitable for all people.